Amakuru

Igikorwa cya Live nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gukoresha ingufu muri iki gihe, ariko hari ibibazo byinshi by’umutekano mubikorwa, bizabangamira cyane umutekano w’amashanyarazi n’ubuzima bw’abakoresha.Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gukoresha ibikoresho bikwiye murwego rwo gukora umurongo wa Live.Birakenewe gukurikira iterambere rya tekinoroji ikora kumurongo kugirango dukore akazi keza mubushakashatsi bwibikoresho no kwiteza imbere, guhuza ibikenewe byubwoko butandukanye bwimikorere ya Live, gutanga umutekano uhagije kubakoresha, no guteza imbere iterambere rihamye ryinganda zamashanyarazi .

Muri leta gutahura imirongo yohereza, gukoresha ibikorwa bizima birashobora kwirinda ingaruka zumurimo wo gutahura kumikorere isanzwe yumuzunguruko no kwemeza serivisi ya sisitemu yamashanyarazi.Ariko, ibikorwa bizima ni igipimo gikomeye cya tekiniki.Nkuko umuzenguruko ukomeje gukora mugihe cyibikorwa, hashobora kubaho ibyago byo guhitanwa n amashanyarazi, nuburyo bwo gukora buteye akaga [1].Niba ibikorwa bitujuje ubuziranenge mugikorwa cyakazi, abakora, amashanyarazi yo mukarere, imikorere yumurongo wogukwirakwiza nibindi bicuruzwa nubuzima bizagira ingaruka.Niba umukoresha ananiwe gukora cyangwa afite ikibazo cyigikoresho, azakubitwa cyane namashanyarazi kandi abangamire ubuzima bwabo.

Ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ibipimo byingenzi bya tekiniki no guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gukora ubuzima kubera akaga kagaragara ko gukora.Igikoresho kigomba kuba cyujuje byibura uburebure bwa insulasiyo, cyane cyane kuri 1000kV yumubyigano mwinshi wa AC, igikoresho kigomba gutanga uburinzi buhagije kubakoresha.

1. Isesengura ryimpamvu zibibazo byumutekano mubikorwa byohereza umurongo

Ibidukikije bikora neza.Nkuko umurongo wohereza umurongo ubwayo ufite ibyago byinshi, niba rero ibidukikije byurubuga bigoye, bizongera ibyago mubikorwa.Kurugero, ikirere gikikije ikirere, terrain, imirongo yitumanaho, traffic nibindi bibazo bizagira ingaruka kumajyambere yibikorwa bizima.Kubwibyo, mbere yo gutangira imirimo nzima, abashoramari bakeneye kumenya uko ibintu bimeze, kumenya urujya n'uruza rwurubuga, kugirango bategure gahunda yakazi ikwiye.Kurugero, kora akazi keza mubiteganyagihe kandi ufite ibikoresho bya anemometero nibindi bikoresho kugirango wumve ibidukikije kurubuga, irinde gukora mumuyaga mwinshi, imvura nyinshi, shelegi nibindi bihe, nkikirere gikabije mugikorwa cyo guhagarika ubuzima imikorere.

Ibibazo byo gucunga ibikoresho.Ikwirakwizwa ry'umurongo wo kurinda umutekano, ntabwo ari umurimo wo kurinda umuntu wenyine, ahubwo unyuze mu gucunga ibikoresho kugirango umutekano wibikorwa bizima.Nyamara, abakoresha benshi ntibabura kumenya gucunga ibikoresho, kubura kugenzura no gufata neza ibikoresho, byoroshye kuganisha ku bikoresho no gusaza, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumutekano wibikorwa;Icya kabiri, hariho no kubura uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ibikoresho, ibikoresho bidafite amakuru yuzuye, ariko nanone kubura ubumenyi bwo kugenzura ibikoresho mbere yo gukora, byoroshye guteza akaga kihishe mukazi.

Akaga kihishe ko gukora neza.Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho byose bizima ni ibikoresho byo kubika, urwego rwo kubika ibikoresho bigena ingaruka ziterwa nigikoresho.Nyamara, ibikoresho bimwe bishobora kuba bifite insulasiyo yangiritse kandi byangiritse, bishobora gutera impanuka mugihe cyo gukora.Hariho kandi ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bitateguwe neza, bidashobora kugera kubikorwa byiza byo gukora, bitujuje ubuziranenge bwibikorwa bizima, bizatera impanuka z'umutekano.

Ibikoresho bishya bigezweho byo gukora bizima

2.1 Ibikoresho bisabwa kugirango bikore neza

Nkuko imirongo ya UHV na UHV ifite urwego rwo hejuru cyane rwa voltage, intera nini yumurongo, gucamo insinga nyinshi, hamwe nuburebure bwa insulator nini hamwe na tonnage, ibisabwa cyane birashyirwa imbere kubikoresho bikoreshwa [2].Muri rusange, byibura byibuze uburebure bwumurongo bugomba guhitamo.Kurugero, igikoresho cyo guterura insinga kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa bya tonnage nini kandi yoroheje yumurongo wumurongo.Ibikoresho byuma bigomba kandi guhuzwa nibiranga umuzenguruko kugirango hongerwe imiterere yigikoresho kugirango uhuze ibisabwa nibikorwa kandi bigabanye ubukana bwakazi.Kugeza ubu, igikoresho cyifashishije insinga gifite ibikoresho byoherejwe na hydraulic.

Kubikoresho byatoranijwe mubikorwa bizima, mbere ya byose, bigomba kuba bifite insulasiyo nyinshi, byujuje ibisabwa kurwego rwa voltage, kandi bikarwanya ikirere kinini;Icya kabiri, igikoresho kigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije zo guhuza nogukenera akazi ka wire ya uHV, uburemere bwa fitingi no kongera intera yumurongo, kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwibikoresho bikora.Kugirango utezimbere ubwubatsi, ibikoresho bizima bigomba kuba byoroshye.Kurugero, kugirango uhangane nimigozi ya insulator yuburebure butandukanye, ibikoresho bifasha bigomba kuba binini muburebure kandi byumvikana mubunini, ariko bigomba no kugenzura uburemere bwibikoresho kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byubwikorezi bworoshye kandi bwihuse bwibikorwa .Hanyuma, kubikoresho bimwe byihariye bigomba kugira byinshi bihindagurika.

2.2 Kumanika kumurongo ugororotse U-bolt kuzuza no gukomera

Imirongo yohereza itambitse kumanikwa U bolt gukomera ibikoresho bikomeye byahujwe nigikoresho cyohereza, harimo nigikorwa cyinyuma cyinyuma cyogukora, icyuma gikomatanya, igikoresho cyohereza ibikoresho gishobora kuba 180 ° kuzunguruka, hamwe nububiko bwihariye bwo kubika, bolt muri igikoresho cyo gufunga gikoreshwa icyarimwe, umwihariko wa bolt imbere urashobora kubitsa muri bolt, umusego wimpeshyi, materi iringaniye, Kugera kumutwe wa bolt hamwe numurimo wo kuzuza kure.Ukoresheje uburyo bwimyanya nzima ikora, ikibazo cyo kurekura no kugwa kuri u-bolt ya clip ya overhang clip muri sisitemu ya power irashobora gukemuka.Nyuma yuko u-bolt yongeweho, igikoresho cyo kuyobora igikoresho gishobora gusimburwa nigitambambuga kizunguruka kugirango tumenye ko bolt ikomera.

Igikoresho gifite ibiranga imikorere yoroshye, imikorere yoroheje hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse bwo gukora wongeyeho kandi ugahambira u-bolt ya clip yumurongo.Ibikoresho byokwirinda bikoreshwa mugushushanya igikoresho, gishobora kurinda umutekano numurimo wimirimo nzima kurwego runini kandi byujuje ibyangombwa byamashanyarazi byakazi.Byongeye kandi, ifite byinshi bihindura kandi irashobora gukora mubihe byose byikirere [3].Binyuze mu kuzuza imyanya ibice bizima, imbaraga zigihe gito zirashobora kwirindwa, umutekano wibikorwa urashobora kwizerwa, kwizerwa kumurongo birashobora kwizezwa cyane, kandi inyungu zubukungu n’imibereho zishobora gushirwaho.

2.3 Igikoresho cyo gukora amashanyarazi menshi

Igikoresho kigizwe n'umutwe ukora, icyuma cya telesikopi gikingira, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa, aho umutwe ukora ukoresha igikoresho kidasanzwe cyo gufunga, gihujwe nigikoresho cyo gufatisha icyuma cya telesikopi, hanyuma kikaba gitwarwa na manipulator yinyuma. gukoresha ikigega imbere mugikoresho gifata kugirango ibikoresho birwanya anticorrosive bishobora gukoreshwa hafi yigikoresho.Igikoresho kirashobora kandi kuzuza ibisabwa byakazi kubikorwa byakazi, birashobora kwemeza intera yumutekano wakazi, kugirango ugere kumurimo utaziguye.Irashobora gukemura neza kwangirika kwicyerekezo kibangikanye, gutwikwa, kwangirika kwa zahabu hamwe no kwangirika kwinyundo, kandi birashobora gusanwa nigikorwa cyamashanyarazi.Gukoresha iki gikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa mubidukikije bya hydrophobi, kuzuza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi hamwe no gutera zinc, kugirango ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bihamye.

2.4 Ibikoresho byinshi bifata ibyuma bifata amazi

Hano hari ibyerekezo byinshi byamazi ya plaque yamashanyarazi, harimo umurongo uhinduranya, icyerekezo cyumurongo, icyerekezo cyumuhanda nibindi.Kubwiyi ntego, ingingo eshatu zihinduka zashyizwe kumurongo, murirwo aho guhinduranya umutwe bishobora kuzenguruka mu buryo butambitse ukoresheje akaboko.Kugirango uhindure Inguni, igikoresho kiriho gishobora kuzunguruka mu buryo butambitse na 180 °;Ukurikije imiterere nyayo yimikorere ya sisitemu yimbaraga, igikoresho gishobora gukosorwa kumpande nyinshi n-ingingo nyinshi kugirango gikemure ikibazo cyubwumvikane buke hagati ya bolt nu mfuruka.Kugirango uhindukire hagati, spaneri irashobora gukoreshwa muguhinduranya impande nyinshi, guhindura icyerekezo cyamaboko kuri spaneri, gukemura neza ibisabwa byumuriro wa bolt, guhuza ibyifuzo bya bolt kumurongo.Igikoresho kandi gikuraho gukenera intera itwara amazi neza.Muguhuza epfo na ruguru ingingo izengurutswe, uyikoresha arashobora gusunika no gukurura leveri kugirango azungurure urutoki, ruzengurutsa ibyapa byamazi.Imikoreshereze yiki gikoresho itezimbere ubworoherane bwumurimo wakazi, kandi iremeza ibisabwa byuma bifata insinga hamwe nicyerekezo gitandukanye cya plaque yamashanyarazi.

2.5 Gukingura ibyuma

Iterambere ryimikorere yicyuma kubikorwa bizima bigomba gushingira kumiterere nibiranga ibipimo byumurongo.Kubera ko urwego rwimitwaro yimigozi ya UHV muri rusange ari 210 ~ 550kN, umutwaro wagenwe wibikoresho bigomba kuba 60 ~ 145kN ukurikije ihame ryashushanyije [4].Kugeza ubu, murugo ultra-high voltage imirongo, ibyuma bigororotse bikoreshwa birimo I Ubwoko, Ubwoko bwa V hamwe numugozi wikubye kabiri, kandi umugozi wa insulateri wogosha urimo insulator ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi.Ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gusimbuza insulator birashobora gukoreshwa ukurikije imiterere yimigozi itandukanye hamwe nibiranga guhuza ibikoresho.Binyuze mugukoresha ibyuma birashobora kurangiza neza ihererekanyabubasha rya tonnage, kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa nabakoresha mumurima.Kubikoresho binini bya tonnage, ibikoresho byingenzi bigizwe na titanium alloy kandi bitunganywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bushya bwo guca.Kugirango byorohereze uburyo bwogukwirakwiza imitwaro yinsinga, murwego rurimo kandi insinga za hydraulic na mashini kugirango zihuze ibikenewe byo gukuramo no gukuramo inkoni.

3. Ubushakashatsi buzaza hamwe nicyerekezo cyiterambere cyibikoresho byohereza

Imikoro yo murugo iriho mumirongo ya uhv ifite ubushakashatsi bwinshi, igikoresho gishya gishobora guhaza ibikenewe mumirimo yo mumurima, harimo insinga zigenda, kugenzura insinga, ibikoresho byuma bikoresho, nkibikorwa byigikoresho kurushaho, kandi urebye 800 kv dc umurongo muremure wishyuzwa akazi, ibikoresho bizima nabyo bifite agaciro gakomeye cyane.Mu bushakashatsi buzaza, dukwiye gukomeza gushimangira ibikoresho byubushakashatsi niterambere ryibice byo hejuru, twiga byimazeyo umurongo uranga ahantu hahanamye, kandi dukoreshe ibikoresho kugirango umutekano wibikorwa bizima.Birakenewe gukomeza gushimangira ubushakashatsi bwimbaraga zo hejuru zorohereza ibikoresho no gukora ibikoresho byo guterura byoroshye.Mu bushakashatsi bwibikoresho bikoresha ibikoresho, ubushakashatsi bwibikoresho byoroheje na mashini bigomba gushimangirwa kugirango ubwenge bwibikoresho byerekana.Mu bikoresho byo gukora, birakenewe kurushaho kwiga uruhare rwa kajugujugu nibindi bikoresho muri iki gikorwa, ndetse no gushimangira ubushakashatsi bw’izindi mashini nini kugira ngo hamenyekane imikorere y’akazi.

Mu ncamake, imirimo yo kurinda igomba gukorwa neza mugihe gikora kizima cyumurongo wogukwirakwiza, kandi ababikora bagomba guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye kugirango umutekano ube mubikorwa.Abakozi bashinzwe ubushakashatsi niterambere bagomba gusesengura byimazeyo imikorere yumurongo wa Live, bagakora ubushakashatsi niterambere kugirango bahuze ibyifuzo byogukora umurongo, kandi bakibanda kubizaza, ubushakashatsi niterambere rya sisitemu nshya yohereza hamwe nibikoresho bikoresha umurongo wa enterineti ahantu hahanamye cyane. , kugabanya ingaruka zabakoresha.