Amakuru

Nkibisanzwe bihuza ibice byose bya injeniyeri, guhagarika terminal byakoreshejwe imyaka myinshi kugirango bitange igice-gihoraho cyumutekano wiring kubikorwa bitandukanye.Guhagarika itumanaho, bizwi kandi nka terefone ihagarikwa, umuhuza wa terefone, cyangwa umurongo wogosha, bigizwe nuburaro bwa modular hamwe na insulator ihuza insinga ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi hamwe.Kuberako ihuriro rihoraho, guhagarika itumanaho bifasha koroshya kugenzura no gusana inzira.Nubwo ari ibintu byoroshye ugereranije, ariko mbere yo guhitamo itumanaho rya terefone nibisobanuro byayo bifite imyumvire yibanze cyangwa nziza.

Iki kiganiro kizakubiyemo ubwoko busanzwe bwo guhagarika, ibyingenzi byamashanyarazi nubukanishi, kandi bitange ibisobanuro birambuye byafasha injeniyeri guhitamo.

Iboneza rusange

Ubwoko bwa PCB bwubwoko, ubwoko bwuruzitiro nubwoko bugororotse nubwoko butatu busanzwe bwahagaritswe muburyo bwo gushushanya.Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ubwoko butatu nuburyo bushyize mu gaciro, kwishyiriraho, no kuboneza.

Ibyingenzi by'amashanyarazi

Hano haribintu byinshi byingenzi byamashanyarazi bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe cyo gushushanya, bikubiyemo ubwoko busanzwe bwahagaritswe.By'umwihariko harimo:

Ikigereranyo cyubu.Muri rusange, ibisobanuro bikeneye kwitabwaho cyane muguhuza agasanduku gashushanyo ni igipimo cyagenwe.Ibi bishingiye kubintu bitatu: imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ya terefone, agace kambukiranya hamwe n'ubushyuhe bukwiranye.Mugihe uhitamo itumanaho rya terefone, birasabwa ko ibipimo byateganijwe byibuze byibura 150% byateganijwe byateganijwe bya sisitemu.Niba igipimo cyagenwe cyahagaritswe kitari cyo kandi imiyoboro ikora ni ndende cyane, umurongo wanyuma urashobora gushyuha kandi ukangirika, bikaviramo ibibazo bikomeye byumutekano.
Umuvuduko ukabije wa voltage: Igice cya voltage cyagabanijwe kumurongo wanyuma bigira ingaruka kumyanya nimbaraga za dielectric yamazu yayo.Nuburyo bumwe bwatoranijwe bwatoranijwe, voltage yagabanijwe kumurongo wanyuma igomba kuba irenze voltage ntarengwa ya sisitemu, urebye amashanyarazi yose ashobora kwangiza ihuriro.
Umubare wibiti: Umubare winkingi nuburyo busanzwe bwo kwerekana umubare wimirongo yigenga ikubiye muri terefone.Ibi bisobanuro muri rusange biratandukanye kuva unipolar kugeza 24.
Umwanya: Umwanya usobanurwa nkintera yo hagati hagati yinkingi zegeranye, bigenwa nu rutonde rusange rwumwanya wanyuma kandi bikubiyemo ibintu nkintera yikurikiranya, voltage / ikigezweho, na clearance.Ingero zimwe zisanzwe zumwanya zirimo 2.54mm, 3.81mm, 5.0mm, nibindi.
Ingano y'icyuma / Ubwoko: Muri Amerika ya ruguru, insinga zemewe kuburizwamo bwa terefone ziri muri Amerika Wire gauge (AWG), igaragaza ubunini bw'insinga cyangwa igipimo cyemewe kuri module kugirango harebwe ko insinga ihuye n'inzu.Kubwamahirwe, ibice byinshi byanyuma bifite kwihanganira bishobora kwakira ingano yinsinga nka 18 kugeza 4 cyangwa 24 kugeza 12AWG.Usibye gupima insinga, tekereza ubwoko bwinsinga ukurikije ubwoko bwa module yatoranijwe.Intsinga zigoretse cyangwa nyinshi-zingirakamaro nibyiza kumutwe, mugihe insinga imwe-imwe isanzwe ihujwe no gusunika-guhagarika.
Ibyingenzi byubukanishi

Ibikurikira biza gukanika imashini, ijyanye nubunini bwa terefone ihagarikwa, icyerekezo, hamwe no koroshya uburyo bwo guhuza mugushushanya.Ibintu byingenzi byubukanishi birimo:

Icyerekezo cyicyerekezo: Uhagaritse (90 °), uhagaritse (180 °) na 45 ° nuburyo butatu bwo guhagarika imirongo.Ihitamo riterwa nuburyo igishushanyo mbonera nicyerekezo kibereye kandi cyoroshye kubitsinga.
Igishushanyo 1: Icyerekezo gisanzwe cyo guhagarika icyerekezo (Inkomoko yishusho: Ibikoresho bya CUI)

Gukosora insinga: Bisa nicyerekezo, hariho inzira eshatu zisanzwe zo gutunganya insinga kubice bya terefone: insanganyamatsiko zometse, gusunika-buto, cyangwa gusunika.Ibyo byiciro uko ari bitatu birakwiye rwose izina.Ikirangantego cyometseho cyangwa ubwoko bwa tereviziyo ya terefone irimo umugozi, iyo ufunzwe, ufunga clamp kugirango umutekano uyobora uyobora.Imikorere ya buto iroroshye cyane, kanda buto, fungura clip kugirango wemerere insinga gushiramo, kurekura buto hanyuma ufunge clip kugirango ufate insinga.Kubisunika-byanyuma, insinga irashobora kwinjizwa mumazu kandi hashobora gushyirwaho umurongo udafite umugozi cyangwa buto kugirango ufungure clamp.
Igishushanyo 2: Uburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya insinga (Inkomoko yishusho: Ibikoresho bya CUI)

Ubwoko bwuzuzanya nubwoko bumwe: guhagarika terminal birashobora kuba ubwoko bwimiturire cyangwa inzu imwe.Guhuza itumanaho rya terefone mubisanzwe biboneka muri 2 - cyangwa 3-pole verisiyo, bituma abajenjeri bagera vuba kumibare itandukanye ya pole cyangwa guhuza amabara atandukanye yubwoko bumwe hamwe.Monomer terminal block nta gushidikanya inkingi zose zirimo module, ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera, kuburyo ifite gukomera no gukomera.
Igishushanyo 3: Guhuza hamwe na monomer terminal (Inkomoko: Ibikoresho bya CUI)

Umugozi-Kuri-Igikonoshwa: Gucomeka - muri terefone ihagarikwa ni amahitamo meza yo guhuza kenshi no guhagarika imiyoboro nyamukuru.Ibi bikorwa mukwinjiza insinga mumashanyarazi hanyuma ugahuza icyuma na sock ihamye kuri PCB, byoroshye guhagarika bitabaye ngombwa ko uhangana ninsinga kugiti cye.
Igishushanyo 4: Gucomeka na sock ihuza plug na plug ya terefone (Inkomoko yishusho: Ibikoresho bya CUI)

Urwego rwumutekano nibindi bitekerezo

UL na IEC ninzego zingenzi zumutekano zo kwemeza ibibujijwe.UL na / cyangwa IEC ibipimo byumutekano mubisanzwe byashyizwe kumurongo wihariye, kandi ibipimo byagaciro biratandukanye.Ni ukubera ko buri buryo bukoresha ibipimo bitandukanye byikizamini, bityo injeniyeri agomba gusobanukirwa nibisabwa byumutekano bya sisitemu yabo muri rusange kugirango bahitemo ibibanza bikwiye.

Mugihe ibintu bimwe bishobora kuba bitekerejweho mubishushanyo byinshi, byishyura ibara kugirango uhindure amazu cyangwa buto ya terefone.Muguhitamo amabara yihariye kumwanya wanyuma, injeniyeri zirashobora guhuza byoroshye ingingo muri sisitemu igoye utabihuje.

Hanyuma, mubidukikije cyangwa porogaramu zijyanye n'ubushyuhe bukabije, guhagarika imirongo hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora kandi gutoranywa.