Amakuru

Kwihutisha iyubakwa ryinganda zo ku rwego rwisi kandi wandike igice gishya mukuvugurura gukomeye kwigihugu cyUbushinwa.

Sobanukirwa neza gahunda nshya n'ibisabwa muri Kongere ya 20 ya CPC yo guteza imbere ingufu nziza

Uru ni urubanza rukomeye rufite akamaro muri rusange, mu gihe kirekire no mu ngamba zishingiye ku isesengura ryimbitse ry’ibihe bishya by’amateka n’iterambere ry’Ubushinwa, gusobanukirwa byimazeyo no gusobanukirwa inzira ifatika yo kuvugurura Ubushinwa n’amategeko rusange yo kuvugurura ibintu bitandukanye bihugu.Ingufu ningirakamaro mugutezimbere niterambere ryigihugu, kuzamura imibereho yabaturage no gutuza kuramba kwabaturage.Iterambere ry’ingufu zo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni igice cyingenzi cyiterambere ryiza.

Wibande ku igenamigambi no kubaka sisitemu nshya y’amashanyarazi kugirango ifashe mu buryo bugaragara kandi butajegajega iterambere rya karubone no kutabogama kwa karubone - inzira y’ibanze yo guteza imbere ingufu nziza.Iterambere ryiza ryingufu ni iterambere ryintego iganisha ku nzira nziza.Raporo ya Kongere y’igihugu ya makumyabiri y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa yasabye ko "dushingiye ku mbaraga n’umutungo w’Ubushinwa, tugomba gukurikiza ihame ryo" guhagarara mbere yo kumena ", kandi tugashyira mu bikorwa igikorwa cya karuboni mu buryo buteganijwe kandi buhoro buhoro. -uburyo bwiza.Tugomba kunoza igenamigambi ry’ingufu n’ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu, twibanda ku kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’ingufu z’ibinyabuzima, kandi buhoro buhoro tujya muri gahunda ya 'dual control' y’amafaranga yose hamwe n’uburemere bw’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ».Sisitemu nshya yingufu nigikorwa cyingenzi cyiterambere ryiterambere ryiza.Muri rusange muri rusange iterambere ryigihugu, umubano wibihugu bitatu by "ubukungu bwingufu zubukungu" uragenda uhinduka kugera ku ntego y "uburyo bushya bwiterambere bushya sisitemu nshya y’ingufu za karuboni no kutabogama kwa karubone".Sisitemu nshya y’amashanyarazi n’ingenzi mu guhindura no kuzamura gahunda y’ubukungu bugezweho mu Bushinwa.Muguhindura isuku nkeya ya karubone ya sisitemu yingufu, kuruhande rwo gutanga, igenamigambi ryiza, kubaka, gukoresha no gukoresha ingufu zisukuye byarangiye muburyo bwaamashanyarazi;Kuruhande rwabaguzi, amashanyarazi niyo atwara abantu cyane kugirango batezimbere byimazeyo umusaruro wimibereho nubuzima bwabo kandi batange serivisi zikoresha ingufu, umutekano, ubukungu, icyatsi kandi kirimo ingufu kugirango abaturage babone ubuzima bwiza;Kuruhande rwiboneza, inkunga yingenzi yo gufasha gushimangira iyubakwa ryingufu zitanga ingufu, gutanga, kubika no kwamamaza sisitemu nugukomeza kunoza ingufu za ultra-high voltage na gride gride murwego rwose kandi ikemeza ko nini nini nini yagutse neza. y'ingufu n'imbaraga z'amashanyarazi.Mu iyubakwa rya gahunda y’ubukungu igezweho, dukwiye guha uruhare runini uruhare rwa sisitemu nshya y’amashanyarazi nk’inganda z’ibikorwa remezo n’ingufu nshya z’ubukungu, gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutanga inkunga n’ingwate zirimo ibintu by'ingenzi nka imari n’imisoro, imari, igiciro, kurengera ibidukikije, ubutaka nimpano, kandi bitera imbaraga zo guhanga udushya twubwoko bwose bwabakinnyi.

Tuzaharanira guteza imbere ubufatanye bwimbitse bw’urwego rwo guhanga udushya, urwego rw’inganda, n’urwego rutanga amasoko, kandi dushimangire imbaraga z’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’igihugu, akaba ari imbaraga zikomeye ziterambere ry’ingufu zo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Iterambere ry’ingufu zo mu rwego rwo hejuru niterambere rihora rihindura imbaraga nshya zo gutwara ninyungu nshya.Raporo ya Kongere y’igihugu ya 20 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa yashyize ahagaragara ko “siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga bigomba kuba imbaraga za mbere zitanga umusaruro, impano ni umutungo wa mbere, kandi guhanga udushya ni imbaraga za mbere”.Kubaka paradigima yubuhanga bukomeye bwa tekinoloji nikoranabuhanga murwego rwingufu nikibazo cyingenzi kigomba gukemurwa kugirango iterambere ryiterambere ryujuje ubuziranenge.Ku bijyanye nuburyo bwo guhanga udushya, tuziga neza kandi ducire imanza ibibazo byingenzi bya sisitemu yigihugu yubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu guhanga udushya ndetse na sisitemu n’ibibazo byimbitse, twubake ingamba zo guteza imbere ubufatanye bwimbitse bw’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu guhanga udushya, Uruganda n’inganda zitanga isoko, guha uruhare runini ibyiza bya sisitemu nshya mu gihugu hose, gushyiraho uburyo bwimbitse bwa guverinoma, inganda, kaminuza, ubushakashatsi n’imikoreshereze, kandi duharanira gukemura ikibazo cya "kilometero yanyuma" yo guhindura siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga.Kubijyanye nibirimo guhanga udushya, duhura n "" choke point "zishobora gukoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga ry’inganda n’inganda mu bihe biri imbere, dukwiye gushimangira ubushakashatsi ku miterere ihuriweho kandi itunganijwe y’inzira ya“ karuboni ebyiri ”y’ingufu n’ingufu nubwoko bune bwingenzi bwa guhanga siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga: shingiro, byihutirwa, ureba imbere kandi uhungabanya.Ku bijyanye n’urwego nyamukuru rwo guhanga udushya, ntidukwiye gutanga gusa uruhare runini rw’uruhare rw’ibigo bikomeye bya leta nka “urunigi rurerure” rw’inganda n’isoko ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’umwimerere, ariko nanone biganisha ku ishingwa. uruganda rugezweho, rutandukanye kandi rwubumenyi rwinganda, kandi rugizwe numubare munini wibigo byigenga bifite imbaraga zidasanzwe, ubushobozi bwiterambere hamwe ninganda zikoranabuhanga zipiganwa, kandi bigashyigikira iterambere niterambere ryubukungu bwigenga binyuze muri politiki yuzuye kandi yoroheje.

Guhora ushiraho ibyagezweho mugutezimbere ingufu nziza

Tuzashyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo ingamba nshya z’umutekano w’ingufu kandi twiyemeze byimazeyo gutanga amashanyarazi meza kandi yizewe.Tuzahuza iterambere n’umutekano, duhore dushimangira ibitekerezo byo hasi no kwibanda ku ngamba zifatika, buri gihe dushyire imbere umutekano w’amashanyarazi manini, kandi ntituzigera dushyira ingufu mu kurinda umutekano w’ingufu no gutanga amashanyarazi yizewe.Tanga umukino wuzuye kuruhare runini rwamashanyarazi nkurubuga rwo guhuza itangwa ryumutungo, guhuza imbaraga zumuyoboro winkomoko, umutwaro nububiko, kandi urebe neza ko amashanyarazi ahamye kandi afite gahunda.Hazashyirwaho ikibazo cyo "gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi kuva iburengerazuba ugana iburasirazuba no gutanga amashanyarazi kuva mu majyaruguru ugana mu majyepfo", ibyo bikazateza imbere cyane iterambere rinini no guhererekanya umutungo w'ingufu mu burengerazuba no mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa, kandi bizanoza cyane ubushobozi bwumutekano wigihugu.Wubake ikigo kinini kandi cyateye imbere ku isi gishya cyo kwigana, hamwe nubunini bwikigereranyo, imiterere yikigereranyo hamwe nubushobozi bwo kubara biri ku isonga ryisi, bitanga inkunga ikomeye mumikorere yumuriro munini w'amashanyarazi.Urebye imbogamizi zazanywe nini nini kandi nini cyane yo kubona ingufu nshya, koresha uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi, kandi ugumane amateka maremare yimikorere itekanye kandi ihamye yumuriro w'amashanyarazi akomeye ku isi.Kurikiza "umukino wa chess" w'urusobe rwose, uhore utezimbere amashanyarazi atangwa n’akarere ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo guhererekanya uturere, kandi urangize neza imirimo ikomeye yo kurinda amashanyarazi nko kwizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 100 Ishyaka rimaze rimaze na Kongere y’igihugu ya 20 y'Ishyaka.

Fata neza amahirwe meza yo guteza imbere icyatsi kibisi na karubone nkeya kandi utezimbere cyane guhindura ingufu.Kurekura no gushyira mubikorwa gahunda yambere ya "double carbone" yibikorwa byimbere mu gihugu kugirango byihutishe iyubakwa rya sisitemu nshya.Tuzashyira ingufu mu kohereza ingufu zisukuye mu turere two mu burengerazuba no mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa, twubake urubuga runini cyane ku isi “igicu gishya cy'ingufu”, dushore imari cyane mu iyubakwa ry'amashanyarazi abikwa, twibanda ku nganda, ubwikorezi, inyubako, ndetse n'abaturage 'ubuzima, no gukora ibikorwa byihariye bigamije kunoza imikorere yingufu, kuyobora societe yose gukoresha ingufu hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse, ingufu zicyatsi, no kubungabunga ingufu, no gukora byimazeyo imishinga nkibindiahantu nyaburanga, byoseamato y'amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi na gari ya moshi.Kugeza ubu, ubushobozi bwashyizwemo ingufu z'umuyaga, ingufu z'izuba, amashanyarazi ndetse n’amashanyarazi meza asukuye mu bucuruzi bw’ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa kiza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi.

Tuzubaka byimazeyo isoko yikoranabuhanga ryumwimerere kandi duteze imbere kumenya kwigira muri siyanse yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Buri gihe shyira udushya mu bya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu mwanya ugaragara, komeza kongera ishoramari mu bushakashatsi n’iterambere ndetse n’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu iterambere, wibande ku guhugura impano zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi ufungure umuyoboro uva ku mpano zikomeye, siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye mu nganda zikomeye.Gutezimbere cyane ikoranabuhanga ryogukwirakwiza, gukurikiranya gutsinda tekinoroji yingenzi nka ultra-high voltage, ihererekanyabubasha rya DC hamwe ningufu nshya za gride, kandi bigera kurwego mpuzamahanga ruyoboye.Kubaka ultra-high voltage AC, DC, ubutumburuke buke, umunara wubukanishi bwibanze.Kunoza umurimo wa patenti nubuziranenge, kandi ukore ibishoboka byose kugirango ukorere ingufu mpuzamahanga n’ikoranabuhanga mu guhanga ingufu.Mu myaka 10 ishize, twagize uruhare mu gushyiraho amahame mpuzamahanga kandi dufite umubare w’ipatanti mpuzamahanga, tuza ku mwanya wa mbere mu rungano mpuzamahanga.Twatangije igitekerezo cyo kwihutisha iterambere ryiza-ryiza ryimpano, dushyizeho udushya sisitemu yubumenyi ya Academy ya Chine yaUbumenyi bw'amashanyarazina sisitemu nkuru yinzobere muri Grid ya Leta, yakomeje kongera amahugurwa yimpano zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, anashyiraho umusozi wo guhanga udushya twinshi hamwe nibiranga umuyoboro wa Leta.Tangiza ishyirwaho rya sisitemu nshya yububanyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu guhanga udushya, gukusanya imbaraga z’ubushakashatsi buhanitse, no guteza imbere guhuza umusaruro, kwigisha, ubushakashatsi no gukoresha.Umubare wabasabye ipatanti hamwe na nyirubwite byegeranijwe byashyizwe kumwanya wa mbere mubigo bikuru mumyaka 11 ikurikiranye.Umubare munini wisi uyoboye ibyagezweho byumwimerere hamwe nuburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge wigenga byagezweho, kandi hashyizweho inzira yo guhanga udushya mungufu n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu hamwe n’ibiranga Ubushinwa.